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GestureDetector.OnGestureListener
来源:互联网   发布日期:2016-01-06 19:21:32   浏览:4323次  

导读:感谢android中国开发者的众多先驱,本文主要内容来自于总结,一小部分是自己的体会。主要参考文章为:http://www.williamhua.com/2009/04/23/android-touchscreen-gesture-recogniton/http://goro.iteye.com/blo......

感谢android中国开发者的众多先驱,本文主要内容来自于总结,一小部分是自己的体会。主要参考文章为:

http://www.williamhua.com/2009/04/23/android-touchscreen-gesture-recogniton/

http://goro.iteye.com/blog/402163

Android Touch Screen 与传统Click Touch Screen不同,会有一些手势(Gesture),例如Fling,Scroll等等。这些Gesture会使用户体验大大提升。Android中的Gesture识别(detector)是通过GestureDetector.OnGestureListener接口实现的。

首先,Android事件处理机制是基于Listener实现的,比如触摸屏相关的事件,就是通过onTouchListener实现;

其次,所有View的子类都可以通过setOnTouchListener()、setOnKeyListener()等方法来添加对某一类事件的Listener;

第三,Listener一般会以Interface的方式来提供,其中包含一个或多个abstract方法,我们需要实现这些方法来完成onTouch()、onKey()等操作。这样,程序便可以在特定的事件被dispatch到该view的时候,通过callback函数给予适当的响应。

1. Touch Screen Click举例

Java代码

public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener {

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.main);

TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);

tv.setOnTouchListener(this);

}

public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {

Toast.makeText(this, "Touch Touch", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

return false;

}

}

[java] view plain copy print ?

public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener {

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.main);

TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);

tv.setOnTouchListener(this);

}

public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {

Toast.makeText(this, "Touch Touch", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

return false;

}

}

public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener { public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv); tv.setOnTouchListener(this); } public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) { Toast.makeText(this, "Touch Touch", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return false; } }

我们可以通过MotionEvent的getAction()方法来获取Touch事件的类型,包括 ACTION_DOWN(按下触摸屏), ACTION_MOVE(按下触摸屏后移动受力点), ACTION_UP(松开触摸屏)和ACTION_CANCEL(不会由用户直接触发)。借助对于用户不同操作的判断,结合getRawX()、getRawY()、getX()和getY()等方法来获取坐标后,我们可以实现诸如拖动某一个按钮,拖动滚动条等功能。

2. 回到今天的重点,当我们捕捉到Touch操作的时候,如何识别出用户的Gesture?这里我们需要GestureDetector.OnGestureListener接口的帮助,代码如下:

Java代码

public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener, OnGestureListener {

private GestureDetector mGestureDetector;

public MyGesture() {

mGestureDetector = new GestureDetector(this);

}

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.main);

TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);

tv.setOnTouchListener(this);

tv.setFocusable(true);

tv.setClickable(true);

tv.setLongClickable(true);

mGestureDetector.setIsLongpressEnabled(true);

}

/*

* 在onTouch()方法中,我们调用GestureDetector的onTouchEvent()方法,将捕捉到的MotionEvent交给GestureDetector

* 来分析是否有合适的callback函数来处理用户的手势

*/

public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {

return mGestureDetector.onTouchEvent(event);

}

// 用户轻触触摸屏,由1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN触发

public boolean onDown(MotionEvent arg0) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onDown");

Toast.makeText(this, "onDown", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

return true;

}

/*

* 用户轻触触摸屏,尚未松开或拖动,由一个1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN触发

* 注意和onDown()的区别,强调的是没有松开或者拖动的状态

*/

public void onShowPress(MotionEvent e) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onShowPress");

Toast.makeText(this, "onShowPress", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

// 用户(轻触触摸屏后)松开,由一个1个MotionEvent ACTION_UP触发

public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onSingleTapUp");

Toast.makeText(this, "onSingleTapUp", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

return true;

}

// 用户按下触摸屏、快速移动后松开,由1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN, 多个ACTION_MOVE, 1个ACTION_UP触发

public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onFling");

Toast.makeText(this, "onFling", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

return true;

}

// 用户按下触摸屏,并拖动,由1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN, 多个ACTION_MOVE触发

public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX, float distanceY) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onScroll");

Toast.makeText(this, "onScroll", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

return true;

}

// 用户长按触摸屏,由多个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN触发

public void onLongPress(MotionEvent e) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onLongPress");

Toast.makeText(this, "onLongPress", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

}

}

[java] view plain copy print ?

public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener, OnGestureListener {

private GestureDetector mGestureDetector;

public MyGesture() {

mGestureDetector = new GestureDetector(this);

}

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.main);

TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);

tv.setOnTouchListener(this);

tv.setFocusable(true);

tv.setClickable(true);

tv.setLongClickable(true);

mGestureDetector.setIsLongpressEnabled(true);

}

/*

* 在onTouch()方法中,我们调用GestureDetector的onTouchEvent()方法,将捕捉到的MotionEvent交给GestureDetector

* 来分析是否有合适的callback函数来处理用户的手势

*/

public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {

return mGestureDetector.onTouchEvent(event);

}

// 用户轻触触摸屏,由1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN触发

public boolean onDown(MotionEvent arg0) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onDown");

Toast.makeText(this, "onDown", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

return true;

}

/*

* 用户轻触触摸屏,尚未松开或拖动,由一个1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN触发

* 注意和onDown()的区别,强调的是没有松开或者拖动的状态

*/

public void onShowPress(MotionEvent e) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onShowPress");

Toast.makeText(this, "onShowPress", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

// 用户(轻触触摸屏后)松开,由一个1个MotionEvent ACTION_UP触发

public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onSingleTapUp");

Toast.makeText(this, "onSingleTapUp", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

return true;

}

// 用户按下触摸屏、快速移动后松开,由1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN, 多个ACTION_MOVE, 1个ACTION_UP触发

public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onFling");

Toast.makeText(this, "onFling", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

return true;

}

// 用户按下触摸屏,并拖动,由1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN, 多个ACTION_MOVE触发

public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX, float distanceY) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onScroll");

Toast.makeText(this, "onScroll", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

return true;

}

// 用户长按触摸屏,由多个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN触发

public void onLongPress(MotionEvent e) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onLongPress");

Toast.makeText(this, "onLongPress", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

}

}

public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener, OnGestureListener { private GestureDetector mGestureDetector; public MyGesture() { mGestureDetector = new GestureDetector(this); } public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv); tv.setOnTouchListener(this); tv.setFocusable(true); tv.setClickable(true); tv.setLongClickable(true); mGestureDetector.setIsLongpressEnabled(true); } /* * 在onTouch()方法中,我们调用GestureDetector的onTouchEvent()方法,将捕捉到的MotionEvent交给GestureDetector * 来分析是否有合适的callback函数来处理用户的手势 */ public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) { return mGestureDetector.onTouchEvent(event); } // 用户轻触触摸屏,由1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN触发 public boolean onDown(MotionEvent arg0) { Log.i("MyGesture", "onDown"); Toast.makeText(this, "onDown", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return true; } /* * 用户轻触触摸屏,尚未松开或拖动,由一个1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN触发 * 注意和onDown()的区别,强调的是没有松开或者拖动的状态 */ public void onShowPress(MotionEvent e) { Log.i("MyGesture", "onShowPress"); Toast.makeText(this, "onShowPress", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } // 用户(轻触触摸屏后)松开,由一个1个MotionEvent ACTION_UP触发 public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e) { Log.i("MyGesture", "onSingleTapUp"); Toast.makeText(this, "onSingleTapUp", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return true; } // 用户按下触摸屏、快速移动后松开,由1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN, 多个ACTION_MOVE, 1个ACTION_UP触发 public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) { Log.i("MyGesture", "onFling"); Toast.makeText(this, "onFling", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); return true; } // 用户按下触摸屏,并拖动,由1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN, 多个ACTION_MOVE触发 public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX, float distanceY) { Log.i("MyGesture", "onScroll"); Toast.makeText(this, "onScroll", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); return true; } // 用户长按触摸屏,由多个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN触发 public void onLongPress(MotionEvent e) { Log.i("MyGesture", "onLongPress"); Toast.makeText(this, "onLongPress", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } }

3. Fling事件的处理代码:除了第一个触发Fling的ACTION_DOWN和最后一个ACTION_MOVE中包含的坐标等信息外,我们还可以根据用户在X轴或者Y轴上的移动速度作为条件。比如下面的代码中我们就在用户移动超过100个像素,且X轴上每秒的移动速度大于200像素时才进行处理。

Java代码

public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {

// 参数解释:

// e1:第1个ACTION_DOWN MotionEvent

// e2:最后一个ACTION_MOVE MotionEvent

// velocityX:X轴上的移动速度,像素/秒

// velocityY:Y轴上的移动速度,像素/秒

// 触发条件 :

// X轴的坐标位移大于FLING_MIN_DISTANCE,且移动速度大于FLING_MIN_VELOCITY个像素/秒

final int FLING_MIN_DISTANCE = 100, FLING_MIN_VELOCITY = 200;

if (e1.getX() - e2.getX() > FLING_MIN_DISTANCE && Math.abs(velocityX) > FLING_MIN_VELOCITY) {

// Fling left

Log.i("MyGesture", "Fling left");

Toast.makeText(this, "Fling Left", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

} else if (e2.getX() - e1.getX() > FLING_MIN_DISTANCE && Math.abs(velocityX) > FLING_MIN_VELOCITY) {

// Fling right

Log.i("MyGesture", "Fling right");

Toast.makeText(this, "Fling Right", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

return false;

}

[java] view plain copy print ?

public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {

// 参数解释:

// e1:第1个ACTION_DOWN MotionEvent

// e2:最后一个ACTION_MOVE MotionEvent

// velocityX:X轴上的移动速度,像素/秒

// velocityY:Y轴上的移动速度,像素/秒

// 触发条件 :

// X轴的坐标位移大于FLING_MIN_DISTANCE,且移动速度大于FLING_MIN_VELOCITY个像素/秒

final int FLING_MIN_DISTANCE = 100, FLING_MIN_VELOCITY = 200;

if (e1.getX() - e2.getX() > FLING_MIN_DISTANCE && Math.abs(velocityX) > FLING_MIN_VELOCITY) {

// Fling left

Log.i("MyGesture", "Fling left");

Toast.makeText(this, "Fling Left", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

} else if (e2.getX() - e1.getX() > FLING_MIN_DISTANCE && Math.abs(velocityX) > FLING_MIN_VELOCITY) {

// Fling right

Log.i("MyGesture", "Fling right");

Toast.makeText(this, "Fling Right", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

return false;

}

public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) { // 参数解释: // e1:第1个ACTION_DOWN MotionEvent // e2:最后一个ACTION_MOVE MotionEvent // velocityX:X轴上的移动速度,像素/秒 // velocityY:Y轴上的移动速度,像素/秒 // 触发条件 : // X轴的坐标位移大于FLING_MIN_DISTANCE,且移动速度大于FLING_MIN_VELOCITY个像素/秒 final int FLING_MIN_DISTANCE = 100, FLING_MIN_VELOCITY = 200; if (e1.getX() - e2.getX() > FLING_MIN_DISTANCE && Math.abs(velocityX) > FLING_MIN_VELOCITY) { // Fling left Log.i("MyGesture", "Fling left"); Toast.makeText(this, "Fling Left", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } else if (e2.getX() - e1.getX() > FLING_MIN_DISTANCE && Math.abs(velocityX) > FLING_MIN_VELOCITY) { // Fling right Log.i("MyGesture", "Fling right"); Toast.makeText(this, "Fling Right", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } return false; }

这个例子中,tv.setLongClickable(true )是必须的,因为 只有这样,view才能够处理不同于Tap(轻触)的hold(即ACTION_MOVE,或者多个ACTION_DOWN),我们同样可以通过layout定义中的android:longClickable来做到这一点。

4. SimpleOnGestureListener

Java代码

public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener {

private GestureDetector mGestureDetector;

public MyGesture() {

mGestureDetector = new GestureDetector(new MySimpleGesture());

}

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.main);

TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);

tv.setOnTouchListener(this);

tv.setFocusable(true);

tv.setClickable(true);

tv.setLongClickable(true);

}

public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {

if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "MotionEvent.ACTION_UP");

}

return mGestureDetector.onTouchEvent(event);

}

// SimpleOnGestureListener implements GestureDetector.OnDoubleTapListener, GestureDetector.OnGestureListener

private class MySimpleGesture extends SimpleOnGestureListener {

// 双击的第二下Touch down时触发

public boolean onDoubleTap(MotionEvent e) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onDoubleTap");

return super.onDoubleTap(e);

}

// 双击的第二下Touch down和up都会触发,可用e.getAction()区分

public boolean onDoubleTapEvent(MotionEvent e) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onDoubleTapEvent");

return super.onDoubleTapEvent(e);

}

// Touch down时触发

public boolean onDown(MotionEvent e) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onDown");

return super.onDown(e);

}

// Touch了滑动一点距离后,up时触发

public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onFling");

return super.onFling(e1, e2, velocityX, velocityY);

}

// Touch了不移动一直Touch down时触发

public void onLongPress(MotionEvent e) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onLongPress");

super.onLongPress(e);

}

// Touch了滑动时触发

public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX, float distanceY) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onScroll");

return super.onScroll(e1, e2, distanceX, distanceY);

}

/*

* Touch了还没有滑动时触发

* (1)onDown只要Touch Down一定立刻触发

* (2)Touch Down后过一会没有滑动先触发onShowPress再触发onLongPress

* So: Touch Down后一直不滑动,onDown -> onShowPress -> onLongPress这个顺序触发。

*/

public void onShowPress(MotionEvent e) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onShowPress");

super.onShowPress(e);

}

/*

* 两个函数都是在Touch Down后又没有滑动(onScroll),又没有长按(onLongPress),然后Touch Up时触发

* 点击一下非常快的(不滑动)Touch Up: onDown->onSingleTapUp->onSingleTapConfirmed

* 点击一下稍微慢点的(不滑动)Touch Up: onDown->onShowPress->onSingleTapUp->onSingleTapConfirmed

*/

public boolean onSingleTapConfirmed(MotionEvent e) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onSingleTapConfirmed");

return super.onSingleTapConfirmed(e);

}

public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e) {

Log.i("MyGesture", "onSingleTapUp");

return super.onSingleTapUp(e);

}

}

}

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