在Android的布局体系中，父View负责刷新、布局显示子View；而当子View需要刷新时，则是通知父View来完成。这种处理逻辑在View的代码中明确的表现出来：
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public void invalidate() {
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final ViewParent p = mParent;
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final AttachInfo ai = mAttachInfo;
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if (p != null && ai != null) {
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final Rect r = ai.mTmpInvalRect;
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// 设置刷新区域为自己的尺寸
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r.set(0, 0, mRight - mLeft, mBottom - mTop);
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p.invalidateChild(this, r);
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}
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}
子View调用invalidate时，首先找到自己父View(View的成员变量mParent记录自己的父View)，然后将AttachInfo中保存的信息告诉父View刷新自己。
View的父子关系的建立分为两种情况：
1) View加入ViewGroup中
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private void addViewInner(View child, int index, LayoutParams params, booleanpreventRequestLayout) {
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.....
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// tell our children
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if (preventRequestLayout) {
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child.assignParent(this);
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} else {
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child.mParent = this;
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}
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.....
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}
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public void setView(View view, WindowManager.LayoutParams attrs, View panelParentView){
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.....
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view.assignParent(this);
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....
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}
AttachInfo是在View第一次attach到Window时，ViewRoot传给自己的子View的。这个AttachInfo之后，会顺着布局体系一直传递到最底层的View。
View.java
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void dispatchAttachedToWindow(AttachInfo info, int visibility) {
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mAttachInfo = info;
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.....
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}
ViewGroup.java
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void dispatchAttachedToWindow(AttachInfo info, int visibility) {
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super.dispatchAttachedToWindow(info, visibility);
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for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
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children[i].dispatchAttachedToWindow(info, visibility);
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}
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}
并且在新的View被加入ViewGroup时，也会将该AttachInfo传给加入的View
ViewGroup.java
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private void addViewInner(View child, int index, LayoutParams params, booleanpreventRequestLayout) {
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child.dispatchAttachedToWindow(mAttachInfo, (mViewFlags&VISIBILITY_MASK));
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}
到这里明白了mParent与AttachInfo代表的意义，可以继续刷新过程的分析。
在invalidate中，调用父View的invalidateChild，这是一个从第向上回溯的过程，每一层的父View都将自己的显示区域与传入的刷新Rect做交集。
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public final void invalidateChild(View child, final Rect dirty) {
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ViewParent parent = this;
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final AttachInfo attachInfo = mAttachInfo;
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if (attachInfo != null) {
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final int[] location = attachInfo.mInvalidateChildLocation;
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// 需要刷新的子View的位置
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location[CHILD_LEFT_INDEX] = child.mLeft;
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location[CHILD_TOP_INDEX] = child.mTop;
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// If the child is drawing an animation, we want to copy this flag onto
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// ourselves and the parent to make sure the invalidate request goes through
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final boolean drawAnimation = (child.mPrivateFlags & DRAW_ANIMATION) == DRAW_ANIMATION;
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// Check whether the child that requests the invalidate is fully opaque
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final boolean isOpaque = child.isOpaque() && !drawAnimation && child.getAnimation() != null;
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// Mark the child as dirty, using the appropriate flag
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// Make sure we do not set both flags at the same time
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final int opaqueFlag = isOpaque ? DIRTY_OPAQUE : DIRTY;
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do {
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View view = null;
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if (parent instanceof View) {
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view = (View) parent;
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}
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if (drawAnimation) {
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if (view != null) {
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view.mPrivateFlags |= DRAW_ANIMATION;
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} else if (parent instanceof ViewRoot) {
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((ViewRoot) parent).mIsAnimating = true;
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}
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}
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// If the parent is dirty opaque or not dirty, mark it dirty with the opaque
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// flag coming from the child that initiated the invalidate
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if (view != null && (view.mPrivateFlags & DIRTY_MASK) != DIRTY) {
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view.mPrivateFlags = (view.mPrivateFlags & ~DIRTY_MASK) | opaqueFlag;
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}
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parent = parent.invalidateChildInParent(location, dirty);
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} while (parent != null);
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}
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}
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public ViewParent invalidateChildInParent(final int[] location, final Rect dirty) {
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if ((mPrivateFlags & DRAWN) == DRAWN) {
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if ((mGroupFlags & (FLAG_OPTIMIZE_INVALIDATE | FLAG_ANIMATION_DONE)) !=
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FLAG_OPTIMIZE_INVALIDATE) {
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// 根据父View的位置，偏移刷新区域
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dirty.offset(location[CHILD_LEFT_INDEX] - mScrollX, location[CHILD_TOP_INDEX] - mScrollY);
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final int left = mLeft;
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final int top = mTop;
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//计算实际可刷新区域
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if (dirty.intersect(0, 0, mRight - left, mBottom - top) ||
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(mPrivateFlags & DRAW_ANIMATION) == DRAW_ANIMATION) {
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mPrivateFlags &= ~DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;
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location[CHILD_LEFT_INDEX] = left;
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location[CHILD_TOP_INDEX] = top;
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return mParent;
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}
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} else {
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mPrivateFlags &= ~DRAWN & ~DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;
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location[CHILD_LEFT_INDEX] = mLeft;
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location[CHILD_TOP_INDEX] = mTop;
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dirty.set(0, 0, mRight - location[CHILD_LEFT_INDEX],
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mBottom - location[CHILD_TOP_INDEX]);
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return mParent;
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}
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}
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return null;
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}
这个向上回溯的过程直到ViewRoot那里结束，由ViewRoot对这个最终的刷新区域做刷新。
ViewRoot.java
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public void invalidateChild(View child, Rect dirty) {
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scheduleTraversals();
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}
